Wealth Stratification and the Insurance Function of Wealth

This thematic issue examines the insurance function as a mechanism to underlie wealth effects on various outcomes. The articles in this issue shed an innovative light on the insurance function of wealth concerning a range of topics rele-vant to social stratification and social policy researchers. This editorial provides an overview of the contributions of this thematic issue and highlights some gaps and remaining open questions. Altogether, the contributions suggest that wealth can provide insurance against adverse life events in various contexts. However, this insurance effect depends on welfare state characteristics, wealth portfolios, and the way families handle their wealth. © 2023 by the author(s).

Role of rumination and hope on negative life events and suicidal ideation under the background of normalization of pandemic prevention and control: A moderated mediation model.

Introduction: The study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanism of negative life events on college students' suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the buffering effect of hope under the background of normalization of pandemic. Methods: A total of 5211 participants took part in this study. Self-reported negative life events, rumination, hope and suicide ideation were measured using a range of questions and scales. Our research demonstrated that the incidence of suicidal ideation among college freshmen in the past week was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than that before the pandemic. In this study, conditional process model 15 was used to verify the hypothetical model of rumination as a potential mediator and hope as a moderator. Results: The hypothesized moderated mediation model was verified significant (ß = -0.047, 95% CI = [-0.061, -0.035]), and hope was found to moderate the direct effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation (ß = -0.039, t = -2.937, 95% CI = [-0.065, -0.013]) as well as the indirect effect of through the mediator rumination (ß = -0.134, t = -10.850, 95% CI = [-0.158, -0.110]). Discussion: We found that rumination partially mediated the effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation, and hope buffered the direct and indirect effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation. The implications of the findings for clinical interventions are discussed, including the importance of hope arousal as a protective factor and rumination as a cognitive mechanism for emotion regulation under the background of normalization of pandemic.

COVID-19 Related Negative Life Events and Psychological Distress: The Role of Emotion and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies.

This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the potential role of hopelessness, helplessness, and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between adverse life events and psychological distress among Turkish adults. Participants' ages ranged from 18 to 64 years old. The majority were female. From June 21, 2021, to August 18, 2021, 432 participants responded to an online questionnaire that included the Negative Life Events List (NLEs), the Helplessness, and Hopelessness, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale (CERS) and General Health Questionnaire-12. The findings suggest that the NLEs, directly and indirectly, predict psychological distress through helplessness and hopelessness. The direct and indirect predictive effects of the NLEs on psychological distress varied depending on the level of CERS. The current study's findings have contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the NLEs and psychological distress during pandemics.

Effects of negative life events on depression in middle school students: The chain-mediating roles of rumination and perceived social support.

Background: Negative life events in middle school students have a significant impact on depression. However, the mechanism of this association is not fully understood. This study used rumination and perceived social support as mediating variables to explore the influence of negative life events on depression. Materials and methods: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing, a convenient sampling method was adopted to collect information about middle school students in Shandong Province by means of online questionnaire. Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, Ruminative Responses Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Children's Depression Inventory were used. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted for four variables of middle school students, including life events, depression, rumination thinking and perceived social support, and the chain mediated effect was tested by using process plug-in. All statistically analysis was conducted by SPSS 23.0. Results: 493 middle school students (16.7000 ± 0.9500 years) including 343 female students (69.6000%) from Shandong Province recruited. Results showed that the total effect between life events and depression was significant (effect = 0.2535, 95%CI: 0.2146, 0.2924). The total indirect effect was significant (effect = 0.1700, 95%CI: 0.1349, 0.2072). The indirect effect was significant (effect = 0.0988, 95%CI: 0.0741, 0.1252) with rumination as the mediating variable. The indirect effect of pathway with perceived social support as the mediating variable was significant (effect = 0.0476, 95%CI: 0.0295, 0.0674). The indirect effect of pathway with rumination and perceived social support as mediating variables was also significant (effect = 0.0236, 95%CI: 0.0147, 0.0339). Conclusion: This study indicated that ruminant thinking and perceived social support had a significant chain mediating effect on adolescents' life events and depression. Life events can not only directly affect depressive emotions, but also indirectly affect depressive emotions by affecting ruminant thinking and perceived social support. The results of this study not only provide new directions for the relationship between life events and depression, but also provide possible approaches for future prevention and intervention of depression in middle school students.

Incidental Negative Life Events and the Disposition Effect at the Individual Level

In this study, we explore the role of individual exposure to negative life events on the disposition effect (DE) – i.e., the tendency of traders in financial markets to sell assets at gain faster than those at a loss. We hypothesize that individual exposure to negative life events may influence the disposition effect through different behavioral mechanisms, namely trading volume reduction, better information processing, and emotions. In three studies, we combine a quasi-natural experiment by considering the disposition effect, as measured with individual financial data from a trading exercise, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and across individuals exposed to a different extent to COVID-19. We also manipulated and elicited the emergence of specific emotions from the exposure to COVID-19 and tested whether such emotions influence the DE. Our results show that individual exposure to negative life events will reduce the disposition effect, mainly via better information processing emotion. Negative life events further reduce the DE when anger is elicited in the individual decision-maker.

Moderating role of healthcare disruptions on friend and family pandemic-related negative life events predicting latines' anxiety and alcohol use over time

The Latine community has experienced a disproportionate amount of pandemic-related negative life events during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study, therefore, adopted a contextual and environmental lens to understand the moderating role of healthcare disruptions on friend and family pandemic-related negative life events (e.g., PRNLE) predicting anxiety and alcohol use over time. The current study was part of a more extensive longitudinal study on students' genetic and environmental experiences. Findings indicated that among Latines who experienced more significant healthcare disruptions, increased family PRNLE predicted greater alcohol use but not anxiety over time. Additionally, friend PRNLE did not significantly predict alcohol or anxiety with high or low healthcare disruptions present. Our findings suggest that Latines may rely on the family to navigate their concerns and mitigate the PRNLE when experiencing healthcare disruptions. Therefore, clinical and policy implications are discussed to reduce alcohol-related inequalities during the ongoing global pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism workers' health and well-being in Jordan

The current study assesses the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on tourism workers' health and well-being in Jordan by investigating coronavirus threats, financial impacts, resources impacts, social isolation, depression and personal control experienced by tourism workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how the threats and impacts of the coronavirus pandemic affect workers' health and well-being. A quantitative survey method was applied using a questionnaire. Data were collected from a sample of 400 tourism workers in Jordan. The study's findings revealed that tourism workers are financially strained, socially isolated, psychologically depressed, experiencing a lack of personal control, and have limited resources due to their dread of the pandemic and its negative impacts. It was also found that a significant negative direct effect of perceived coronavirus threats and their impacts on workers' depression and personal control had a significant influence on workers' health and well-being. The current study proposed a model of the influence of coronavirus on tourism workers' health and well-being through their personal control and depression.

Well-being and career change intention: COVID-19's impact on unemployed and furloughed hospitality workers

Purpose - This study aims to examine the psychological distress experienced by unemployed and furloughed hospitality workers during the COVID-19 crisis and further investigate how this distress affects their career change intentions. Design/methodology/approach - Derived from a sample of 607 unemployed and furloughed hospitality workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, the data for this research are analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings - This study reveals that unemployed and furloughed hospitality workers are financially strained, depressed, socially isolated and panic-stricken due to the pandemic's effects. These effects lead to impaired wellbeing and an increased intention to leave the hospitality industry. Female and younger employees are impacted to a greater extent, while furloughedworkers received fewer impacts compared to their laid-off compatriots. Research limitations/implications - This study suggests that lockdown restrictions need to be implemented more deliberately, and the psychological well-being of the hospitality workforce deserves more immediate and continuing attention. It advises that hospitality businesses consider furloughs over layoffs when workforce reduction measures are necessary to combat the financial crisis. Originality/value - This study adds to the current literature by examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from the employee perspective. New insights are offered on the psychological toll of workforce reduction strategies during the financial fallout and howthese distressing experiences affect career change intention.

Network analysis of subjective well-being in general public during the regular prevention and control of COVID-19.

Objective: To investigate the related factors of subjective well-being among people in China during the regular prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods: From August 5 to August 11,2020,a total of 1556 people were investigated by using online platform. The Satisfaction with Life Scale（SWLS） and Positive and Negative Affect Scale（PANAS） were used to measure subjective well-being（SWB） of the general population. The Public Risk Perception Scale for Public Health Emergencies（PRPSPHE） was used to measure risk perception of COVID-19, the BDSST was used to measure daily hassles, the DASS was used to measure psychological symptom and the Psychological Capital Scale was used to measure psychological capital. A network analysis was conducted to analyze the correlations between these variables. Results: There was no significant correlation between SWB score and PRPSPHE score（r=-0.06,P>0.05）.The SWB scores were negatively correlated with the BDSST scores（r=-0.37,P <0.05）.Depression and Stress showed highest centrality（1.29 and 1.09 respectively), and psychological symptom showed highest predictability（0.69-0.72） in the network. Anxiety showed the highest expected influence（0.95), followed by self-efficacy（0.87） and stress（0.84). Conclusions: During the regular prevention and control of COVID-19,subjective well-being may not be related to risk perception of COVID-19, while negatively correlated with daily hassles and psychological symptom. Psychological capital may be a protective factor of subjective well-being. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] 目的:探讨新冠疫情防控常态化期间民众主观幸福感的相关因素。方法:2020年8月5-11日,采用在线平台对1556名民众进行调查,采用生活满意度量表和积极/消极情感量表评估主观幸福感（SWB）,突发公共卫生事件风险认知量表评估对新冠疫情的风险认知,日常烦心事量表（BDSST）评估日常压力情况,抑郁焦虑和压力量表（DASS）评估各项心理症状,积极心理资本量表评估心理资本状况。使用网络分析方法分析变量间相关关系。结果:SWB得分与风险认知得分相关无统计学意义（r=-0.06,P>0.05）,与BDSST得分呈负相关（r=-0.37,P <0.05）。抑郁得分和压力得分的强度中心性最高（1.29,1.09）;DASS各子量表得分的可预测性最高（0.69～0.72）;焦虑得分的预期影响最高（0.95）,其次是自我效能得分（0.87）和压力得分（0.84）。结论:在新冠疫情防控常态化时期,民众主观幸福感与对疫情的风险认知无关,与日常烦心事和心理症状负相关;积极心理资本是主观幸福感的保护性因素。 (Chinese) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Chinese Mental Health Journal / Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi is the property of Chinese Mental Health Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)